水
Meanings
CC-CEDICT
- 1.water
- 2.(after a name) ... River
- 3.to swim (used mostly in 会水[huì shuǐ] and 水性[shuǐ xìng])
- 4.(coll.) lacking in substance; shoddy
- 5.(bound form) additional cost; extra income
- 6.classifier for washings of a garment
- 1.surname Shui
- 2.Shui ethnic group
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Wiktionary
- 1.water (Classifier: 瓶 m; 樽 c; 滴 m c; 池 m c; 盆 m c; 杯 m c)
- 2.liquid; potion; juice
- 3.molten metal
- 4.synonym of 飲料 /饮料 (yǐnliào, “beverage”)
- 5.river
- 6.body of water
- 7.flood
- 8.water, one of the five elements of Wu Xing (五行 (-))
- 9.additional cost or income
- 10.rain
- 11.money (Classifier: 嚿 c)
- 12.source of revenue (Classifier: 條／条 c)
- 13.to fool; to deceive; to misguide
- 14.wave (event); rush
- 15.to swim
- 16.lacking substance or power; worthless
- 17.Classifier for the number of times clothing was washed.
- 18.Sui people
- 19.a surname
Wiktionary · CC BY-SA
Etymology
Pictogram (象形) of water flowing; sometimes written as the variant 氺 (e.g., 泰, 录, and 黎). Next to a character, it is compressed and stylized into 氵 (which is unrelated to 冫). Compare 川 (OC *kʰjon) and its variant 巛. Compare also 永 and its cognate 𠂢. See also the bottom part of 原 in its original version (厡). Here are some proposals: * Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lwi(j) (“flow; stream”) (Benedict, 1974; Coblin, 1986; Handel, 1998; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). Cognate with Mizo lui (“stream; brook; river”), Tedim Chin [script needed] (luːi³, “stream; river”), Jingpho lawi (“to flow (as water)”). **Old Chinese 水 (*lhuiʔ), as reconstructed by Schuessler, is Sino-Tibetan root's endoactive derivation with suffix *-ʔ, meaning "that which is flowing"; its voiceless initial suggests the presence of a nominalizing prefix *k- or *s-. Another derivative from the Sino-Tibetan root is possibly 泫 (winʔ, “to flow”) (minimally reconstructed). **Compare also areal etyma Proto-Austroasiatic *loːjʔ (“to wade; to swim”) and Proto-Tai *loːjᴬ (“to swim”). *Gong (1995) reconstructs Old Chinese *hljədx and compares it to Tibetan ཆུ (chu, “water”), which STEDT derives from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *tsju (“water; liquid; bodily fluid”). *Baxter and Sagart (2014), employing evidence from the Proto-Min form of the Min colloquial variant 沝, reconstructs the latter *turʔ and thereby reconstructs Old Chinese *s.turʔ, and compares it to Proto-Tibeto-Burman *twəj (“to flow; to suppurate”), which is likely related to what STEDT notates as Proto-Tibeto-Burman *m-t(w)əy-n ~ m-ti-s (“water; fluid; to soak; to be wet”) (STEDT). *s.turʔ was then followed by an Eastern dialectal variant, *s.tujʔ, which leads to Early Middle Chinese *sywijX. *Like Gong (1995), Sagart (2017) compares 水 to Tibetan ཆུ (chu), but he also compares it to Bodo (India) दै (dwi), Mizo tui, Proto-Karen *thejᴬ, for which he tentatively derives from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-turʔ. ** Meanwhile STEDT derives said non-Sinitic items from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *m-t(w)əy-n ~ m-ti-s. * Handel thinks 水 is unlikely to be related to Proto-Tibeto-Burman *tsju and Proto-Tibeto-Burman *m-t(w)əj-n ~ m-ti-s because of phonological issues (STEDT).
Wiktionary · CC BY-SA
Stroke order
Components
Components from cjk-decomp · MIT
Example sentences
沒有水。
There's no water.
沒有水。
There is no water.
把水燒開。
Boil the water.
水是液体。
Water is a liquid.
烧一点水。
Boil some water.
覆水難收。
The damage is done.
Sentences from Tatoeba · CC-BY 2.0 FR
More examples & usage (AI)
Synonyms
Wiktionary · CC BY-SA
Derived terms
Wiktionary · CC BY-SA