卤
滷Meanings
CC-CEDICT
- 1.to stew in soy sauce and spices
- 1.alkaline soil
- 2.salt
- 3.brine
- 4.halogen (chemistry)
- 5.crass
- 6.stupid
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Wiktionary
- 1.west; western; occidental
- 2.western paradise
- 3.Used in transcription.
- 4.soot at the bottom of a wok
- 5.rust
- 6.to rust
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Etymology
The oracle-bone forms of 西 (OC *sˤən) fall into two types: open-topped and closed-topped. The open-topped type is found only in periods I–II, especially in the Bin and Chu groups; later scripts inherit the closed-topped type. The open-topped form has been interpreted as a bird's nest, possibly related to 栖 (OC *sˤəj) (“to perch; to roost”). The later closed-topped form may be related to 囟 (OC *sənh): in the Zhouyuan oracle-bone inscriptions, 囟 (xìn) is used for 西 (xī). The word is traditionally reconstructed to have a /*s/-initial in Old Chinese, e.g. /*sɯːl/ in Zhengzhang (2003). However, recent scholarship has suggested that the Old Chinese initial should instead be reconstructed as /*s-nˤ/, one of the reasons being 西 appears to be the phonetic in 迺 (nǎi), the archaic graphic variant of 乃 (OC *nɯːʔ). The new reconstruction, /*s-nˤər/ in Baxter and Sagart (2014), also accounts for how 西 can be the phonetic in 哂 (shěn, “to smile”). For more information, see Sagart (2004), Baxter and Sagart (2014) and Nohara (2018). In light of the new construction with the initial consonant cluster /*s-nˤ/, the possibilities of the etymology of 西, aside from being cognate with 棲／栖 (qī, “to roost; to rest”) (B-S OC /*s-nˤər/), include: * Related to Tibetan ནེར་བ (ner ba, “to sink; to fall gradually”) (Unger, 1990). * Related to Chepang नेलःसा (nelʔ‑, “to go down; to sink”), which may be the same etymon as the Written Tibetan word above (Schuessler, 2007). * Related to the root 尼 (nǐ, “to stop”) (OC /*nˤərʔ/ for intransitive form, /*nˤərʔ-s/ for transitive form in Baxter and Sagart (2014)). * Related to Tibetan མནལ (mnal, “sleep”) and Burmese နား (na:, “to rest; to stop for a while”) (Hill, 2019). * An Austroasiatic nominal n-infix derivative from the root "go down", as in Old Mon cnis (“ghat”) < Old Mon cis (“to go down”) , with Proto-Austroasiatic *tsn- > Proto-Sinitic *sn-. If true, then this etymon literally means "the place where one goes down to" > Mon "ghat" > OC "nest, west" and its base form is 濟 (OC *ʔsliːls) via Austroasiatic (Schuessler, 2007).
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Stroke order
Components
Components from cjk-decomp · MIT
More examples & usage (AI)
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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